Ancient Egyptians sanctified justice & the rule of law

CAIRO – 12 January 2021: Egypt provided humanity with the oldest legislative and administrative systems. The oldest organized government was first established in Egypt and over the ages the Egyptian civilization succeeded and flourished based on strong and solid foundations of governance and administration.

About 5,200 years ago, King Mina, founder of the First Pharaonic Dynasty, was able to unify the south and north of Egypt into a unified state. He set the oldest legislative system in human history when he made the law of "Thoth", the god of wisdom, the unified law prevailing in all of Egypt.

The city of Memphis was taken as the capital and administrative center of the first unified central state in history, with an organized apparatus of governance, administration, judiciary, education, police, army and others.

The monuments of the Pharaonic civilization indicate the extent of the progress achieved by the Egyptians in the systems of governance and administration. The king "the pharaoh" was the head of the state, who appoints the greatest treasurer or the tax collector.

A large number of employees were appointed by royal decrees and were promoted in their jobs.

Since the Old Kingdom, Egypt has implemented a successful system of local government. In the Third and Fourth Dynasties of the ancient Egyptian state, various decrees and legislations appeared, such as the legislation that defined the times when farmers could work, and the legislation of King Menkaure, which aimed at fighting against forced labor.

The Pharaonic civilization has left many traces and clear evidence of this administrative and legislative development, including the text found in the tomb of Princess Idot in Saqqara region, which is the oldest tax legislation in history.

The ancient Egyptians often recorded images of the king on their temples and tombs as he presented the symbol of justice and law, in a clear reference to the reverence of the concepts and values ​​of justice and the rule of law in the ancient Egyptian civilization.